As climate change drives more frequent and severe weather events, organisations must consider how to maintain operational continuity, including protecting their travellers.
The expanding reach of tropical storms now includes areas once considered low-risk, such as parts of western Europe or regions far from open water in North America. For risk and travel managers, that shift calls for a broader perspective and more adaptable response strategies.
For businesses with people on the move, these storms present layered risks, from immediate travel disruptions and infrastructure damage to long-term health concerns and logistical challenges. Flight cancellations, blocked transport routes, and power outages can derail plans in moments.
Being reactive is no longer enough; proactive planning is essential. This means building flexibility into travel policies, identifying trusted accommodation with robust disaster protocols, and ensuring employees are trained on emergency response procedures. Emergency supplies, evacuation plans, and reliable communication channels should all be in place well before any disaster strikes.
In this report, we share practical guidance to help businesses minimize disruption, protect travelers, and remain resilient in the face of increasingly unpredictable conditions.
Hurricane Season 2025
21 pages to help businesses minimise disruption and protect travellers
Travel
From Europe to sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas to Asia-Pacific, each region encounters distinct challenges. In Europe, storms frequently result in flooding and travel chaos, while the Mediterranean has seen a rise in powerful hurricanes. Africa and the Middle East remain at high risk from destructive weather, and the Americas endure particularly intense hurricane seasons. Meanwhile, the Asia-Pacific region experiences some of the most severe typhoons recorded.
As these storms become more frequent and unpredictable, their impact on travel grows, including flight cancellations, road closures and power outages. Preparedness and flexibility are crucial for travellers visiting high-risk areas.
EURO
The region experienced intense activity between 2024 and 2025, with Central and Northern Europe hit by devastating storms, such as:
- Boris (September 2024)
- Hurricane Kirk (September–October 2024)
- Darragh (December 2024)
- Herminia (January 2025)
- Éowyn (January 2025)
These events caused widespread infrastructure damage and transport disruptions. They originate from high-pressure systems from the Atlantic moving inland, bringing intense rainfall and strong winds that cause catastrophic flooding. Affected countries include Austria, Germany, Portugal, France, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, United Kingdom and Ireland, where travel chaos lasted for days, paralysing major airports and international travel hubs.
Meanwhile, countries like Albania, Malta, Spain, Greece, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Italy and Türkiye are occasionally impacted by medicanes, intense tropical-like cyclones that form over the Mediterranean Sea. A DANA (high-altitude, cut-off low-pressure storm system) hit Southeastern Spain in October 2024 with catastrophic rainfall that affected the Valencian Community, Castilla-La Mancha and Andalusia, among other areas, with the deadliest floods in decades. In the European Union alone, over the past 30 years, floods have impacted 5.5 million people, causing 3,000 fatalities and over EUR170 billion in economic losses.
Glossary:
DANA – High-altitude, cut-off low-pressure storm system
Medicanes – Mediterranean hurricanes
By Claudia Gualdi, Roxana Dumitrescu and Sila Ceyhan
SSA
Sub-Saharan Africa is highly vulnerable to tropical cyclones, which develop in the Indian Ocean and frequently impact East Africa, with the cyclone season typically running from November to April.
In recent months, the region faced severe tropical cyclone activity, with Cyclones Chido and Dikeledi causing widespread destruction. In December 2024, Chido became one of the strongest storms to hit the region in decades, devastating Mayotte before making landfall in Mozambique. The storm caused over 120 fatalities in Mozambique, affecting more than 380,147 people across Nampula, Niassa and Cabo Delgado provinces, including Pemba, while also damaging critical infrastructure. In Mayotte, at least 39 people died and large parts of the island were left in ruins. Malawi also faced severe flooding, which claimed 13 lives across the Southern and Central regions. Additionally, the storm impacted northern Madagascar and Agaléga island in Mauritius. Chido was one of the costliest cyclones in the basin, with insured losses in Mayotte exceeding USD675 million.
In January 2025, Cyclone Dikeledi followed, striking northern Madagascar, Mayotte and later Mozambique’s Nampula province, where at least 11 fatalities were recorded. The cyclone exacerbated destruction in areas still recovering from Chido, causing further damage and straining humanitarian stocks. More recently, in mid-March, Storm Jude displaced thousands, blocked roads and caused widespread damage and power outages across Madagascar and Malawi, as well as Mozambique, where at least 14 lives were lost.
By Claudia Gualdi, Roxana Dumitrescu and Sila Ceyhan
MENA
Cyclones and medicanes, though historically rare in the Middle East and North Africa, have become increasingly frequent in recent years, presenting growing risks and exposing the region’s weakness in dealing with extreme weather events. MENA’s arid climate is not typically associated with such storms; however, climate change and rising sea surface temperatures have heightened the likelihood of tropical cyclones forming in the Arabian Sea and Red Sea, affecting Somalia, Iran, Oman, Yemen, Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Medicanes in the Mediterranean Sea have in recent years impacted Algeria, Tunisia and Libya.
In 2021, Cyclone Shaheen made landfall in Oman, near Muscat, generating massive storm surges along the coast, causing extensive damage and at least 14 fatalities. In 2023, Cyclone Tej became one of the strongest storms recorded in the Arabian Sea, bringing heavy rainfall and flooding to Yemen and the Socotra Archipelago. The storm caused massive damage to infrastructure and communication networks. That same year, Medicane Daniel caused devastating flooding across eastern Libya, particularly in Derna, with thousands of fatalities and more than 43,000 people displaced following two dam failures.
The UAE also experienced its heaviest rainfall in April 2024, leading to widespread flooding that disrupted services, impacted flights at Dubai International Airport (DXB/OMDB) and submerged major highways. In Oman, 21 people lost their lives in flash floods caused by similar downpours. Despite efforts to improve early warning systems and disaster response strategies, the region remains largely unprepared for such weather events. Inadequate drainage systems in cities such as Dubai and Jeddah in Saudi Arabia further exacerbate flood risks.
As weather events become less predictable and global warming increases the frequency and intensity of cyclones, mitigating risks associated with extreme weather events in the MENA region is becoming increasingly critical.
Glossary:
Medicanes – Mediterranean hurricanes
By Claudia Gualdi, Roxana Dumitrescu and Sila Ceyhan
APAC
Typhoons are tropical cyclones that occur in the West or North-West Pacific Ocean, affecting South-East and East Asian countries. This region experiences the highest number of tropical cyclones worldwide. The Philippines, Vietnam, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau and China are particularly at risk of being affected by frequent typhoons. Typhoons may affect these countries from May to November, with the peak season being July and September.
With an average of 20 typhoons per year, the Philippines is the country most affected by tropical cyclones in the world. Due to the effects of climate change, it experienced an unprecedented onslaught of six consecutive typhoons within just 30 days between late October and mid-November 2024. Among the six typhoons, two were categorised as Super Typhoons, with wind speeds of over 185kph.
The cyclone season in Australia generally lasts from 1 November to 30 April. An average of 11 cyclones occur in the region annually, although only four or five of these reach the mainland. The 2024-25 cyclone season in the Australian region saw a series of strong cyclones hit the Australian coast. The most powerful was Tropical Cyclone Zelia, which strengthened to a Category 5 on 13 February. Cyclone Alfred caused severe damage to South-East Queensland and New South Wales North Coast. The most notable impact was beach erosion, but economic damage is estimated to be in the billions of dollars. A similar scenario occurs in the South Pacific countries of Tuvalu, Samoa, Fiji, Tonga and Vanuatu, which experience an average of six cyclones per year.
Cyclones in the North Indian Ocean typically form between December and April, peaking from May to early November. The northern Indian Ocean is divided into two sub-basins: the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. The countries most affected by these areas are India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Myanmar. It has produced some of the deadliest cyclones in the world, as they affect very densely populated areas. The last cyclone of the 2024 season was Cyclone Fengal, causing significant flooding in southern India and Sri Lanka, killing at least 37 people.
By Farhan Rafi and Lorenzo Trevisan
AMER
One of the areas most impacted by hurricanes and tropical storms in the world is the AMER region.
The Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico are the zones where tropical storms and hurricanes mostly form and make landfall during the Atlantic hurricane season, which lasts from June 1 to November 30 and peaks around September. The 2024 season was deemed to be ‘above average activity’ as 18 storms were named in the Atlantic basin, compared to the 14 typically predicted in an average season. In contrast, the eastern Pacific hurricane season, which lasts from May 15 to November 30, affects Mexico and parts of Central America.
The US Gulf Coast states of Florida, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama are particularly vulnerable to tropical storms due to their location facing the Gulf of Mexico. These states are followed by the Outer Banks, Mid-Atlantic and New England regions in terms of exposure. In 2024, the United States was devastated by Hurricanes Milton and Helen.
Mexico and Central America face a double threat due to their geography. Hurricanes and tropical storms have frequently struck both the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean coasts. In 2024, Hurricane John brought devastating torrential rainfall to Mexico’s Oaxaca and Guerrero states, with Acapulco and Puerto Escondido suffering major infrastructure damage.
The Caribbean Sea is especially vulnerable as the climatological conditions in the area easily spark the formation of the storms, making the region seven times more likely to be struck by natural disasters than larger states and twice as likely as other small states. Among the countries highly exposed to tropical storms are the Dominican Republic, Haiti, St Kitts and Nevis, Antigua and Barbuda, Jamaica, Barbados, Cuba, St Lucia, Saint Vincent, Dominica and the Bahamas. As the earliest Atlantic basin Category-5 hurricane ever recorded, Hurricane Beryl formed in July 2024 and caused widespread devastation across the region, primarily striking the southern Windward Islands.
By Lorena Peña
Impact on travel
Hurricanes, cyclones and storms significantly disrupt travel plans. Power outages, strong winds and heavy rainfall can cause flight cancellations or delays, with major airports and international hubs grounding flights for multiple consecutive days. Road, rail and maritime transport may also be shut down with communications rendered inoperable.
Extreme weather events’ impact varies from temporary disruptions to services to long-term infrastructure damage and economic losses.
Evacuations are often necessary when storms or cyclones cause significant damage. When authorities do not call for evacuations, they may still impose movement restrictions in the affected areas to prevent the potential for looting, chaos or other crimes. Regardless of the severity of these measures, they can significantly affect travellers’ plans, especially if they remain in place long-term.
In locations with less resilient infrastructure than others, travel destinations may face long recovery periods. Damaged hotels, transport networks, businesses and tourist attractions may take weeks or months to rebuild, with relative consequences on local economies and tourism revenue. Sometimes, these effects are further prolonged by negative media coverage, which contributes to increased safety concerns even after the disaster.
Travel Advice
Stay updated : Follow reliable sources, including government advisories, weather agencies and local news outlets. Early warning systems are commonly used in all locations. If you receive advisories from civil protection, follow all official directives.
Check cancellation and rebooking options: Contact booking agents, hotels, car hire companies and other travel providers to find out about cancellations or changes to travel plans due to extreme weather conditions.
Purchase travel insurance: Buy travel insurance, as several contingencies could impact your travel plans, especially if heading to areas notoriously affected by extreme weather disasters. Some packages offer full coverage for the trip, while others provide refunds and compensation only for trip delays or interruption, or credits and vouchers for future travel.
Seek shelter and avoid areas at risk : If a hurricane or cyclone approaches, threatening your accommodation during the trip, stay indoors and seek shelter. Secure the room by reinforcing windows and doors with shutters and clear outdoor areas to avoid objects that could cause damage.
Know evacuation routes : Plan a direct route that leads you away from the path of the storm. Monitor changes in wind speed and direction. If authorities order an evacuation, leave immediately and follow all directives.
Keep your travel plans flexible: These events can last for several consecutive days. Consider alternative routes in case roads or airports are closed or flights are cancelled by authorities.
Anticipate disruptions to telecommunications and power outages: During these emergencies, communication networks may be saturated. In extended blackouts, updates from local authorities can be accessed through mobile data or battery-powered devices. Depending on the severity of the damage, utility companies may take several days to restore power.
Avoid travel to remote islands during tropical cyclone season: Multiple cyclones could strike in succession, leaving you stranded for days or weeks. Remote islands are typically connected with ferries
Health
While devastating in their immediate impact, hurricanes, cyclones and typhoons also bring a wide range of health risks that can affect both travellers and local populations.
Health risk mitigation should begin before departure, with travellers ensuring they are up to date on vaccinations, familiarising themselves with destination-specific health concerns and ensuring access to essential medications.
Once a tropical storm hits, the primary effects can be catastrophic, ranging from physical injuries to waterborne diseases. The aftermath can also lead to increased stress, anxiety and mental health challenges. Being aware of these potential health impacts—both physical and psychological—helps travellers avoid unnecessary risks.
Secondary health effects may persist for months. Following a tropical cyclone, conditions such as malaria, dengue fever and cholera may become more prevalent, while inadequate sanitation and overcrowded shelters can further exacerbate outbreaks. Prolonged exposure to damp conditions from water-damaged buildings can lead to respiratory issues, including asthma.
Health Risk Mitigation
Mitigating health risks is a crucial aspect of pre-travel preparation. It involves acknowledging potential threats and taking proactive measures to stay protected. Travellers should undergo a pre-travel medical examination to ensure they are up to date with all routine vaccinations and any destination-specific immunisations, ideally at least four to six weeks before departure. Health assessments should also consider mental wellbeing, as stress, anxiety and other mental health challenges can be intensified in unfamiliar environments.
How Can Travellers Best Prepare?
Check health requirements: Ensure all travelers review any destination-specific health document requirements well in advance.
Be aware of health risks: Provide information on potential health risks at their destination, including preventive measures and guidance on what to do in case of illness. Diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, and other vector-borne illnesses are common in many regions, so appropriate precautions, such as vaccinations, mosquito repellents, and protective clothing, should be taken.
Practice food and water safety: Advise travellers to be mindful of foodborne illnesses in regions with lower food safety standards. Produce should be thoroughly washed, and warnings about consuming tap water must be followed.
Plan for chronic conditions :Travelling with chronic conditions such as diabetes, asthma, or heart disease may require additional planning.
Have emergency contacts ready: Keep a list of emergency contacts, including local healthcare facilities and pharmacies.
Check medication regulations: Confirm whether essential medicines are available over the counter, require a prescription, or are restricted at the destination to avoid any last-minute issues.
Bring necessary health records: Encourage travellers to carry a copy of their vaccination records to facilitate access to healthcare if needed.
Obtain travel health insurance: Comprehensive travel health insurance, covering medical emergencies and potential evacuation, should be arranged before departure.
Pack a travel health kit: Ensure travelers carry their prescription medications and essential health supplies, particularly those that may be difficult to obtain at the destination.
Consider medical evacuation options: In some regions, advanced healthcare may not be accessible outside major cities. Plan accordingly for emergency care if necessary.
Stay updated on health advisories: Track travel health notices from organisations such as WHO , US CDC , the UK NaTHNaC’s TravelHealthPro , Australia’s SmartTraveller and Canada’s PHAC .
Use travel safety apps: Stay informed with mobile applications such as the US State Department’s Smart Traveler for real-time alerts.
Maintain good hygiene: Reinforce the importance of proper hand hygiene, sanitation, and respiratory etiquette.
Prepare for emergencies: Ensure that travelers have a clear contingency plan in place for unexpected situations, including health emergencies, flight disruptions, or border closures due to disease outbreaks.
Glossary: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Travel Health Network and Centre (NaTHNaC) Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) World Health Organisation (WHO)
Primary Health Effects
Each year, tropical cyclones cause thousands of deaths and significant damage to property and infrastructure. The WMO indicates that tropical cyclones were the leading cause of both reported human and economic losses between 1970 and 2021. Some 38 per cent of the two million reported deaths from natural disasters in the same period were caused by tropical cyclones. Over 90 percent of fatalities occurred in developing countries. While mortality rates have fallen thanks to early warning systems, reported economic losses are rising due to the increasing frequency and intensity of storms and the expansion of settlements in areas most at risk of storm damage.
According to the WHO, the health impacts of tropical cyclones depend on the number of people living in low-lying coastal areas in the storm’s path, the state of infrastructure, and whether there is sufficient time for warning and evacuation. While the latter has improved, there is a growing risk of storms striking areas that have historically been spared the breadth and intensity of past impacts. Major storms hitting the US in recent years have caught residents unprepared and severely damaged infrastructure not built to withstand them.
Tropical cyclones can affect the health and wellbeing of individuals and can have catastrophic impacts on healthcare systems. Primary health impacts include a wide range of health effects, such as physical trauma caused by strong winds, debris, landslides, and storm surges, or drowning in floods caused by storm surge or extreme rainfall. Additionally, flood waters may contain sewage and chemicals, sharp objects and electrical lines, or host dangerous wildlife, all of which can cause infections, waterborne diseases, electrocution and other physical injuries.
Emergency situations are also associated with increasing mental health effects, such as stress, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Hostility to outsiders and looting may also occur in disaster areas. Travellers are at risk of being targeted for theft as well as possible detention by the authorities for not possessing residency, violating curfew, or obtaining a permit to travel to the location. Monitoring local media and law enforcement bulletins will help travellers stay up to date with the latest developments. Such updates are often published on the social media pages of relevant agencies or accessed via an official application.
Acronyms:
- Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
- World Meteorological Organisation (WMO)
- World Health Organisation (WHO)
Secondary Health Effects
The health implications of tropical cyclones are often exacerbated by damage to critical infrastructure. Disruptions to power supplies and damage to roads inhibit emergency responses, while physical destruction of medical facilities can vastly restrict healthcare capabilities. Consequently, tropical cyclones may prompt an increase in all-cause mortality as general support and medical services are weakened.
Tropical cyclones can also trigger food insecurity through immediate damage to agricultural and fishing infrastructure, as well as long-term damage to local biodiversity. This poses a particular threat to developing countries, where food insecurity may often be a pre-existing issue, and rebuilding efforts are heavily reliant on international aid.
The residual effects of tropical cyclones often increase the spread of infectious diseases for months after their initial impact. Across tropical countries, receding floodwaters can provide fertile breeding grounds for mosquitoes, fueling the spread of malaria, dengue fever, and Japanese encephalitis (JEV). Simultaneously, the destruction of local food and water supplies facilitates the spread of infectious diseases such as cholera, impetigo, and leptospirosis. Mass displacements due to residential damage also result in overcrowded emergency shelters, which allow diseases to thrive.
Even after the complete passage of tropical cyclones, water-damaged buildings pose a lingering health hazard to occupants due to an increase in mould spores stemming from excessive dampness. Such conditions can result in the development and exacerbation of respiratory complications, including asthma. As persistent mould is more likely to plague older and less developed properties, excessive dampness presents a greater risk to poorer communities. Travellers should check the history of any long-term accommodation for past storm damage and repairs. Landlords should be prepared to provide this information upon request.
Safety
When a tropical storm is approaching, it is vital to monitor official warnings and have emergency plans in place to ensure traveller safety and wellbeing.
Swift action in response to evacuation directives, continuous monitoring of weather updates, and adherence to safety protocols are essential to mitigating dangers. Travellers should stay updated via local news and government channels to track warnings and follow evacuation guidelines without delay.
The unpredictable nature of these storms means situations can escalate rapidly. In some instances, evacuation may no longer be safe, and remaining in place until the storm passes might be the best option. Additionally, awareness of environmental hazards—such as flooding, strong winds, and landslides—is crucial for minimising exposure to risks.
By staying informed and prepared, individuals can enhance their safety and resilience during such extreme weather events. Pack an emergency kit with essentials like water, snacks, a torch, first aid items, and important documents. Waterproof clothing and additional protective gear are also important to help you stay safe in challenging weather conditions.
Emergency Safety Directives
Pre-emptive local emergency declarations, which enable authorities to mobilise resources to affected areas, are likely in regions frequently impacted by tropical storms. Travellers should remain informed through local news sources and official government agencies to monitor such declarations. Evacuation warnings are typically issued at least several hours or days in advance. However, given the inherent unpredictability of storm intensities and trajectories, the situation may escalate swiftly. In some cases, by the time a warning is issued, it may be unsafe to evacuate, and people may be required to stay in place until the storm subsides. Visitors are strongly encouraged to familiarise themselves with evacuation maps and consider voluntary evacuation if feasible. While there is a strong temptation to ignore such warnings, travellers should follow all official directives.
Staying informed through local media, weather bulletins, and tropical storm advisories is essential. Travellers should register for free government emergency alerts and utilise mobile phone applications that provide real-time storm tracking, evacuation routes, and safety guidelines. Local evacuation protocols vary by region, making it imperative for travellers to familiarise themselves with emergency procedures specific to the destination. Hotels frequently provide evacuation guidance, including designated shelters and transportation options. People should take note of their hotel’s emergency exits, the location of the nearest embassy or consulate, and alternative routes to higher ground in the event of flooding.
Beyond evacuation preparedness, travellers should remain aware of potential disruptions to essential services. Airports may suspend flights, while clinics, shops, and public facilities may shut down, and public transportation networks could be significantly affected. Identifying nearby medical facilities and emergency contacts—both locally and at their company’s head office—can enhance preparedness. Corporate travellers should also comply with company protocols regarding emergency evacuations and stay informed through updates from travel risk management providers.
Personal Preparedness
Emergency kit: Pack an emergency kit with essentials such as water, energy-dense snacks, a torch, spare batteries, a power bank, essential medications, a first aid kit and copies of important documents. It’s also advisable to carry cash and have backup travel plans in place.
Safety procedures: Familiarise yourself with local evacuation routes and procedures. Opt for a weather-resistant accommodation that has strong emergency protocols. Upon arrival, review the hotel’s safety procedures and the locations of designated shelter areas. Choose hotels with reinforced infrastructure, reliable emergency protocols and backup power systems.
Emergency contacts: Know how to contact local emergency services and prepare for potential power outages or transport disruptions. Keep a list of emergency contacts, both local and from your organisation, handy.
Weather monitoring systems: Keep track of storm updates through dedicated weather apps, local news sources or hotel alerts.
Communication essentials: Ensure your phone is fully charged, carry a backup power source and consider alternative communication methods such as satellite phones or messaging apps with offline capabilities.
Protective equipment: Use waterproof storage for important items and pack weather-appropriate gear, including rain-resistant clothing, to stay dry and protected in adverse conditions.
Avoiding Tropical Storm-Related Risks
When a tropical storm hits, it is accompanied by various phenomena that can pose serious risks to safety. Identifying these hazards is crucial for safeguarding your well-being and ensuring a prompt response.
Flooding:
Flooding is one of the most common impacts of a tropical storm. Stay aware of your surroundings and be mindful of nearby bodies of water. Watch for rapidly rising water levels, and if the water appears dark or brownish, it may be mixed with mud. Floodwaters can carry debris, which further complicates the situation.
Strong winds:
Strong winds also regularly accompany tropical storms, ranging in intensity from gales to hurricane force. The US National Weather Service provides a wind scale that helps people assess the strength of the winds and associated risks. Winds are categorised from 0 to 12, with ‘Hurricane Force’ winds at the highest level, capable of causing severe and widespread damage. During a windstorm, the safest course of action is to take shelter inside a sturdy building, staying in an interior room or cellar, away from windows.
Downed electrical wires and hazardous materials:
In the immediate aftermath of a storm, downed electrical wires can electrify bodies of water, posing significant risks during clean-up and rescue efforts. Additionally, floodwaters may conceal sharp metal objects and other debris, making it crucial to carefully inspect flooded areas.
Wildlife encounters:
Flooding may force aquatic mammals and reptiles into populated areas, which could lead to injury or even death. Exercise caution when navigating flooded zones, as animals may be disoriented and potentially dangerous.
Landslides:
Landslides are more likely following a tropical storm due to the oversaturation of soil. Those in hilly or mountainous regions should watch for warning signs such as cracks or bulges in the ground or the faint sound of an approaching debris flow. Due to their unpredictable nature, travellers should avoid these areas and consider leaving in advance of the storm.
Fallen debris and disrupted transportation:
Fallen trees, broken glass, and other debris create additional hazards. Disrupted transportation systems may also hinder access to medical care when needed. Stay alert and avoid affected areas to reduce risk.
Health risks from standing water:
Standing water can harbour disease-carrying mosquitoes and may contaminate drinking water with pathogens that cause cholera, dysentery, or typhoid fever. In flood-prone areas, avoid contact with stagnant water, rely on sealed bottled water, and use purification methods such as boiling or treatment tablets when necessary. Stay informed about local sanitation conditions, as water sources that seem safe may still pose health risks.
Contributors:
Diego Maloney, Jesús Canché, Marco Tulio Lara and Nikita Billier
Editor:
Paul Mutter, Global Coverage Manager at Riskline
Copyrights: Riskline. More info: riskline.com
Hurricane Season 2025
21 pages to help businesses minimise disruption and protect travellers